Sulawesi Birdwatching

Overview

Sulawesi is a veritable paradise for bird enthusiasts, boasting a plethora of dazzling avian species that make it a true Mecca for birders. Just the mention of names like the vibrant Purple-bearded Bee-eater, the striking Sulawesi Lilac-cheeked Kingfisher, the eye-catching Fiery-browed Myna, and the elusive Great Shortwing is enough to send shivers of excitement down any ornithologist's spine. 

But the allure of Sulawesi extends beyond its birds. The island is home to an array of remarkable mammals, such as the peculiar Babirusa, often referred to as the "pig deer," and the rare Anoa, a diminutive buffalo species. Three unique species of tarsier, with their oversized eyes and nocturnal habits, add to the island’s charm, along with seven distinct species of macaque, each contributing to the rich tapestry of wildlife in the dense forests. 

Bird watchers are particularly drawn to the lush northern peninsula and the central regions of Sulawesi, where expansive areas of verdant rainforest can be found. Of particular interest are the vast national parks, such as Lore Lindu, located about 100 kilometers south of Palu, the provincial capital. The park's varied ecosystems are teeming with life, offering an exhilarating experience for those willing to immerse themselves in its depths. 

Additionally, Dumoga Bone, situated on the northern neck of the island, and the smaller reserve of Tangkoko-Dua Sudara at the tip of the Minahasa peninsula are also prime locations for spotting endemic species. With a staggering 120 endemic bird species, it’s entirely feasible to observe up to 80% of these unique birds within a three-week expedition, given some thoughtful planning and a bit of effort. 

Sulawesi holds the highest level of endemism in Indonesia—among the 421 bird species recorded on the island, approximately 88 (27%) are found nowhere else in the world. Remarkably, 14 genera are so distinct that they are considered uniquely associated with Sulawesi. Each visit to this extraordinary island is not just a journey; it’s an adventure filled with discovery and wonder.
 

Itinerary

SULAWESI BIRDING PACKAGES
This detailed itinerary promises an enriching experience filled with incredible wildlife encounters and the stunning beauty of Sulawesi's diverse ecosystems.

Duration: 16 Days / 15 Nights

Day 1: Arrival in Makassar – Transfer to Malino
Upon your arrival at Makassar International Airport in the early afternoon, you will be warmly welcomed by our guide who will assist you with your luggage. We will then embark on a scenic two-hour drive to Malino, a picturesque area known for its cool climate and lush landscapes. The journey offers beautiful views of tropical scenery, setting the stage for your birding adventure. Accommodation:Villa Tengah Sawah, where you can relax and enjoy the serene surroundings. 
 

Day 2: Birding in Malino and the Lompobattang Mountains – Transfer to Ramang Ramang
Today’s focus is on exploring the breathtaking Lompobattang Mountains, home to a plethora of unique and endemic bird species. We will set out early in hopes of spotting the elusive Lompobattang Flycatcher, along with the highly sought-after Hylocitrea, known for its distinctive calls and shimmering plumage. Other notable birds in this rich habitat may include the striking Red-eared Fruit-dove, the melodic Lompobattang Leaf-Warbler, and the colorful Sulawesi Myzemola. 

As we venture deeper, keep an eye out for the Sulawesi Jungle Flycatcher, the majestic Sulawesi Serpent-Eagle, the diminutive Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker, and the charming Sulfur-bellied Whistler. You may also encounter various flowerpeckers such as the Crimson-crowned, Grey-sided, and Yellow-sided Flowerpeckers, as well as the unique Black-ringed White-eye. Other species we may spot include the Little Pied Flycatcher, Pied Bushchat, and the vibrant Sulawesi Hanging Parrot. 

After a fulfilling morning of birdwatching, we’ll break for lunch to recharge. Following our meal, we will embark on a transfer to Ramang Ramang, a picturesque area featuring stunning karst landscapes, which will take approximately 4 to 5 hours of travel. 

Accommodation:Ecolodge Ramang Ramang, where you can unwind amidst nature and reflect on your day's discoveries. 

Day 3: Ramang-Ramang
Today, our adventure begins with a morning visit to Karaenta Park, renowned for its rich avian diversity. We will be on the lookout for the striking Black-headed Kingfisher, the elusive Black-ringed White-eye, and the charming Sulawesi Flycatcher, each a highlight for any birdwatcher. With the sounds of the forest as our backdrop, we’ll have ample opportunities to observe and photograph these captivating species in their natural habitat.

In the afternoon, we will embark on a traditional wooden boat cruise along the meandering river, where patience and keen sight will reward us with sightings of majestic raptors such as the Sulawesi Hawk Eagle and the Sulawesi Serpent Eagle soaring above the lush landscapes. The gentle flow of the river will provide a serene setting to soak in the vibrant surroundings and spot other wildlife along the banks.

Accommodation:Ecolodge Ramang-Ramang, where we can unwind after a day filled with exhilarating birdwatching experiences, enjoying the comforts of nature-inspired lodgings. 

Day 4: Ramang-Ramang – Airport – Palu – Lore Lindu
This morning, we will catch an early flight to Palu, marking the beginning of another exciting leg of our journey. Upon arrival, we will make our way to the magnificent Lore Lindu National Park. As we travel, we’ll keep our eyes peeled for the Savannah Nightjar, which can often be spotted roosting during the day—a fantastic opportunity to witness this master of camouflage.

Along the route, we are likely to encounter the Pale-headed Munia and the distinctive White-shouldered Triller, both of which add to the trip's growing list of avian highlights. Once we reach the national park, prepare for an unforgettable birdwatching experience as we explore the superb montane forests, which are home to a plethora of endemic bird species.

If time allows on our first afternoon within the national park, we will make several stops at varying altitudes. This strategic approach increases our chances of discovering some of the region’s unique specialties, unveiling the treasures that Lore Lindu has to offer both in terms of flora and fauna. Accommodation:Mama Sendi, where we can rest and reflect on the day’s adventures, surrounded by the beauty of the natural world.

Day 5 & 6: Lore Lindu National Park
Lore Lindu National Park boasts an impressive reputation for its rich montane biodiversity, making it a paradise for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts alike. Nestled in the heart of Sulawesi, this park is home to a remarkable variety of endemic species that are unique to the island. For our two days here, we will focus on spotting some of the region’s most sought-after birds, including the charming Purple-Bearded Bee-Eater and the elusive Great Shortwing. As we venture through the lush landscapes, we aim to observe the delightful Malia and its cousin, the Geomalia, alongside the cryptic Sulawesi Bush Warbler (also known as the Chestnut-Backed Bush Warbler). The melodious calls of Cerulean Cuckoo-Shrikes and the distinctive sounds of Sulawesi Cicadabirds will fill the air as we navigate through the forested trails.  Other highlights will include the Black-Fronted White-Eye, the eye-catching Black Sunbird, and the striking Black-Naped Monarch, along with the lovely Citrine Flycatcher and Island Flycatcher. We’ll also keep an eye out for the regal Sulawesi Blue Flycatcher, Mountain Serin, and the vibrant Sulawesi Myzomela. 

As we explore further, we might encounter the Ivory-Backed Wood-Swallow, the exquisite Ornate Lorikeet, and the agile Small Sparrowhawk. Be alert for the Maroon-Backed Whistler and various nightjars, including the Heinrich Nightjar and the Speckled Boobook, which often roost during the day in this serene environment. Other notable species include the Sulawesi Scops Owl, the Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker, and the Spot-Tailed Goshawk. Keen eyes may also spot the Spotted Kestrel, Lemon-Bellied White-Eye, and the intriguing Sulawesi Triller.

The park is not just about birds; keep an eye out for the majestic Sulawesi Serpent Eagle and the enchanting Hylocitrea. We will also seek out the Golden-Mantled and Yellow-Breasted Racquet-Tails as they flit about in the canopy. Among the diverse fauna, don’t miss the Red-Eared Fruit Dove, the White-Eared Myza, and the Streak-Headed Dark-Eye. For true bird enthusiasts, the chance to witness the enigmatic Diabolical (Satanic) Nightjars roosting is an unforgettable experience. Our accommodation for these two nights will be at Mama Sendi, where we can relax and recount the day’s adventures.

Day 7: Morning Birding – Afternoon Drive to Palu
On our final morning in Lore Lindu, we’ll take advantage of the early hours to capture any last glimpses of the park’s avian wonders. After our birdwatching session, we’ll prepare for an afternoon drive back to Palu, where we will stay for another night in comfort. Our lodging for the evening will be at the well-rated Swis BelHotel Palu, offering a relaxing environment to unwind after a day of exploration.

Day 8: Travel from Palu to Manado via Makassar and Kotamobagu
Today marks a travel day filled with transitions. In the morning, we'll depart from Palu and make our way to the airport for a flight to Makassar. After a brief layover, we will board a connecting flight to Manado. Upon our arrival at Manado airport, we will continue our journey by road to Kotamobagu, where we will check in to the Sutan Raja Hotel. This last leg of travel allows us to embrace the changing landscapes of Sulawesi as we prepare for the next adventure.

Day 9: Maleo Nesting Ground
We will embark on our adventure at the early hour of 4 AM, departing from our hotel and making our way to the captivating Maleo nesting ground located in Muara Puisan. The drive will take roughly an hour, during which we will prepare ourselves for a unique experience centered around the remarkable Maleo, an unusual megapode known for its fascinating reproductive behavior. These extraordinary birds lay their eggs in the warm, volcanic soils found within the park, providing a perfect natural incubator for their offspring. With a bit of luck, we may witness the pink-flushed adult Maleos as they diligently scratch and dig in the clearing, preparing for the crucial act of laying their eggs. On certain days, we may even have the rare opportunity to participate in the release of chicks back into their natural habitat, an unforgettable experience that highlights the conservation efforts in the area. After exploring the Maleo nesting site, we will take a leisurely walk through a nearby small forest patch, where we will search for the local endemic species, the Maroon-chinned fruit dove. In this serene environment, we may also catch glimpses of the Sulawesi Pitta, should we need further encounters. The diverse mixed flocks within the forest present opportunities to observe other interesting species as well, including the Yellow-billed Malkoha, an intriguing white-eyed variant of the Hair-crested Drongo, the Black-billed Koel, and the Bay Coucal. Additionally, we will keep our eyes peeled for the elusive White-faced Cuckoo-Dove, which also inhabits these lush forests. Accommodation: Sutan Raja Hotel

Day 10: Kotamobagu - Tomohon
After a hearty breakfast to fuel our day, we will embark on a scenic drive lasting approximately 4 to 5 hours to our next destination, the charming town of Tomohon. During our journey, we may have the chance to take in the breathtaking landscapes of Sulawesi, dotted with lush greenery and vibrant local culture. Once we arrive in Tomohon, we will stop for lunch at a local restaurant where we can savor traditional Indonesian cuisine, immersing ourselves further into the region’s rich culinary heritage. In the afternoon, we will enjoy birdwatching around the stunning Gunung Mahawu, a captivating volcanic peak known for its diverse avian population. This area offers an excellent opportunity for us to engage with the unique wildlife that thrives in this remarkable ecosystem. Accommodation: Villa Emita

Day 11: Tomohon, Gunung Mahawu Birding
Gunung Mahawu, an enchanting forested volcano reaching an elevation of 1,490 meters above sea level, is a prime location for birdwatching enthusiasts. Nestled amidst lush greenery, the crater hosts a stunning emerald-green lake, its shores adorned with vibrant yellow sulfur deposits creating a striking contrast against the natural backdrop. From the summit, the panoramic views are breathtaking; on clear days, one can captivatingly gaze upon the majestic Mount Lokon, often wreathed in a gentle plume of smoke, while simultaneously soaking in the sights of both the Sulawesi Sea to the west and the Maluku Sea to the east.

Located near the historic village of Rurukan, which holds significance as a place where Sir Alfred Wallace resided during his explorations, Gunung Mahawu is recognized as one of the Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in Asia, as designated by BirdLife International. This area is a sanctuary for numerous endemic bird species unique to Sulawesi, making it a treasured spot for both amateur and seasoned birdwatchers alike. Among the avian highlights at Gunung Mahawu, the Scaly-breasted Kingfisher (Actenoides princeps) stands out as a prime attraction. While it is considered one of the more accessible sites to view this captivating bird, its elusive nature means that spotting it can often be a matter of luck.  Key species to watch for during our birding excursion include the vibrant Sulawesi Pitta, the striking Collared Kingfisher, and the engaging Sulawesi Babbler. Other noteworthy sightings may include the Chestnut-backed Bush-Warbler, the Sulawesi Jungle Flycatcher, and the ultra-rare Rufous-throated Flycatcher. Birdwatchers will also keep their eyes peeled for the Pale-blue Monarch, which has been split from the Black-naped Monarch, along with the Isabeline Bush Hen, Barred Rail, and White-browed Crake. As we explore the diverse habitats, don’t miss the opportunity to observe the dynamic Sulawesi Myzomela, as well as Island and Citrine Flycatchers, Grey-sided and Yellow-sided Flowerpeckers, and the stunning Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker. The area is also home to the Black-fronted White-eye and Mountain White-eye, alongside the Streak-headed Dark-eye and Mountain Tailorbird. 

Other notable species include the melodious Sulfur-bellied Whistler, Crimson Sunbird, Black Sunbird, and Olive-back Sunbird. Look out for the Sooty-headed Bulbul, Hair-crested Drongo, and Yellow-billed Malkoha, while the Ashy Woodpecker and the Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker may also make an appearance. Water birds add another dimension to our birding experience, with chances to spot the Purple Swamphen, White-browed Crake, White-breasted Waterhen, Common Moorhen, and the Javan Pond Heron around Lake Tondano. For accommodation, we will be staying at Villa Emita, where we can unwind and reflect on the day’s adventures in this beautiful corner of Indonesia.

Day 12: Tomohon to Tangkoko
We will start the day with an early morning breakfast, savoring local delicacies to fuel our day ahead. Following breakfast, we’ll embark on a scenic drive to Tangkoko National Park, taking advantage of the various birding opportunities along the way. The lush surroundings provide a perfect backdrop to spot an array of avian species, making our journey as enjoyable as the destination. Lunch will be enjoyed at Tangkoko Hill, where we can relax and appreciate the stunning views of the landscape. In the afternoon, our birding adventure continues at “JAM Hill,” a renowned location known for its diverse flora and fauna. As the sun sets, we will engage in night birding to search for the elusive Sulawesi scops owl, a highlight of the region, near the Tangkoko Hill Cottages where we will be staying.

Days 13 & 14: Tangkoko Nature Reserve
Tangkoko Nature Reserve, situated at the eastern tip of the Minahassa Peninsula, stands as a flagship park in Sulawesi, renowned for its exceptional lowland jungle and mangrove forests. This biodiverse area offers superb birding opportunities, making it a paradise for ornithologists and nature enthusiasts alike. The reserve is especially famous for its kingfisher population, boasting no fewer than eight resident species, four of which are unique to Sulawesi. However, the allure of Tangkoko extends far beyond its kingfishers. With the expertise of our local guides, we will embark on an exploration to locate the remarkable Lilac-cheeked kingfisher, Green-backed kingfisher, Sulawesi Dwarf kingfisher, Sulawesi Pitta, Rudy kingfisher, Common kingfisher, Blue-eared kingfisher, and the Collared kingfisher. Additionally, we will seek out signature species such as the Red-knobbed Hornbill, Sulawesi Dwarf Hornbill, Ochre-bellied Boobook, and a variety of coucals including Bay Coucal and Lesser Coucal. Our list of potential sightings includes impressive raptors such as the Sulawesi Hawk Eagle, Sulawesi Serpent Eagle, Black Eagle, and Black Kite. We may also encounter unique species like the Sulawesi Cicada Bird, Rusty-breasted Cuckoo, Sulawesi Triller, Purple-winged Roller, and an array of woodpeckers including the Ashy Woodpecker and Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker. Parrots and pigeons are also plentiful, with possibilities of spotting the Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Ornate Lorikeet, and various Imperial Pigeons including the Silver-tipped Imperial Pigeon and the Sulawesi Black Pigeon. 

During our time in Tangkoko, we will also embark on an afternoon boat trip through the mangroves, where we can encounter other fascinating species such as the White-rumped Cuckoo-Shrike, Great-billed Kingfisher, Pink-necked Green Pigeon, Osprey, and both Great and Lesser Frigatebirds. The tranquil waters may also yield sightings of the Pacific Reef Egret, Common Dollar Bird, Striated Heron, Little Tern, Sacred and Collared Kingfisher, as well as majestic raptors like the White-bellied Sea Eagle and Brahminy Kite.

While focusing on our birding endeavors, we’ll also have the chance to observe intriguing mammals native to the area, including the Black Macaque (Macaca nigra), the diminutive Tarsier (Tarsius spectrum), and the unique Bear Cuscus. 

After an exhilarating day filled with birding and wildlife exploration, we will return to Tangkoko Hill Cottage, our cozy accommodation amidst nature, allowing us to unwind and reflect on our day's experiences. Accommodation: Tangkoko Hill Cottage 

Note: Prepare for a mix of activity levels and be sure to bring appropriate gear for both birdwatching and potential weather changes.

Day 15: Tangkoko – Grand Luley Resort, Manado
This morning, we’ll rise early for our final birding excursion along the main road of Tangkoko. Keep your binoculars ready as the area is teeming with vibrant avian life. Afterward, we will head back to Tangkoko Hill for check-out, soaking in the last views of this lush paradise. A scenic drive will take us to Manado, where we will enjoy a delightful lunch at a local restaurant near the airport, sampling some authentic Indonesian cuisine.

Following lunch, we will continue our journey to the Grand Luley Resort, where you can unwind and soak up the stunning surroundings. At 2:30 PM, we will embark on an afternoon birding trip to Gunung Tumpa. This area is known for its rich biodiversity, and with any luck, we might spot some rare species in their natural habitat. As the sun sets, we’ll return to the resort for a relaxing evening, sharing stories of the day’s adventures and perhaps planning our next exciting birding expedition.

Day 16: Manado – Next Destination
After enjoying a hearty breakfast, we will prepare for our departure. A transfer will take us to Manado Airport where you can reflect on the incredible experiences, beautiful landscapes, and vibrant wildlife of this journey. As you board your flight to your next destination, take a moment to cherish the memories made during this unforgettable trip. Safe travels!